update

C++ Delegates/.vs/C++ Delegates/v17/DocumentLayout.backup.json

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
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@@ -48,8 +48,7 @@
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@@ -74,8 +72,7 @@
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-              "EditorCaption": ""
+              "WhenOpened": "2025-05-05T16:33:42.014Z"
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C++ Delegates/.vs/C++ Delegates/v17/DocumentLayout.json

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
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               "RelativeToolTip": "C\u002B\u002B Delegates\\main.cpp",
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-              "WhenOpened": "2025-05-05T16:34:35.978Z",
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@@ -61,8 +60,7 @@
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-              "WhenOpened": "2025-05-05T16:33:42.17Z",
-              "EditorCaption": ""
+              "WhenOpened": "2025-05-05T16:33:42.17Z"
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@@ -74,8 +72,7 @@
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-              "WhenOpened": "2025-05-05T16:33:42.014Z",
-              "EditorCaption": ""
+              "WhenOpened": "2025-05-05T16:33:42.014Z"
             }
           ]
         }

ChatGPT - Dispatcher/.vs/ChatGPT - Dispatcher/v17/DocumentLayout.backup.json

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
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+    }
+  ],
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+            }
+          ]
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+  ]
+}

ChatGPT - Dispatcher/.vs/ChatGPT - Dispatcher/v17/DocumentLayout.json

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
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+  "WorkspaceRootPath": "C:\\Users\\sfreunde\\source\\repos\\ChatGPT - Dispatcher\\",
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+    }
+  ],
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+              "RelativeDocumentMoniker": "ChatGPT - Dispatcher\\ChatGPT - Dispatcher.cpp",
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+  ]
+}

ChatGPT - Dispatcher/ChatGPT - Dispatcher.sln

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+
+Microsoft Visual Studio Solution File, Format Version 12.00
+# Visual Studio Version 17
+VisualStudioVersion = 17.13.35931.197 d17.13
+MinimumVisualStudioVersion = 10.0.40219.1
+Project("{8BC9CEB8-8B4A-11D0-8D11-00A0C91BC942}") = "ChatGPT - Dispatcher", "ChatGPT - Dispatcher\ChatGPT - Dispatcher.vcxproj", "{04FDDA2C-981F-4008-9E97-042DD7C042D0}"
+EndProject
+Global
+	GlobalSection(SolutionConfigurationPlatforms) = preSolution
+		Debug|x64 = Debug|x64
+		Debug|x86 = Debug|x86
+		Release|x64 = Release|x64
+		Release|x86 = Release|x86
+	EndGlobalSection
+	GlobalSection(ProjectConfigurationPlatforms) = postSolution
+		{04FDDA2C-981F-4008-9E97-042DD7C042D0}.Debug|x64.ActiveCfg = Debug|x64
+		{04FDDA2C-981F-4008-9E97-042DD7C042D0}.Debug|x64.Build.0 = Debug|x64
+		{04FDDA2C-981F-4008-9E97-042DD7C042D0}.Debug|x86.ActiveCfg = Debug|Win32
+		{04FDDA2C-981F-4008-9E97-042DD7C042D0}.Debug|x86.Build.0 = Debug|Win32
+		{04FDDA2C-981F-4008-9E97-042DD7C042D0}.Release|x64.ActiveCfg = Release|x64
+		{04FDDA2C-981F-4008-9E97-042DD7C042D0}.Release|x64.Build.0 = Release|x64
+		{04FDDA2C-981F-4008-9E97-042DD7C042D0}.Release|x86.ActiveCfg = Release|Win32
+		{04FDDA2C-981F-4008-9E97-042DD7C042D0}.Release|x86.Build.0 = Release|Win32
+	EndGlobalSection
+	GlobalSection(SolutionProperties) = preSolution
+		HideSolutionNode = FALSE
+	EndGlobalSection
+	GlobalSection(ExtensibilityGlobals) = postSolution
+		SolutionGuid = {F4F36C80-D111-41CE-B620-BC9C2AD8B4AB}
+	EndGlobalSection
+EndGlobal

ChatGPT - Dispatcher/ChatGPT - Dispatcher/ChatGPT - Dispatcher.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,303 @@
+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+#include <map>
+#include <vector>
+#include <functional>
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <memory>
+#include <typeindex>
+
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include <map>
+#include <vector>
+#include <functional>
+#include <memory>
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <typeindex>
+#include <string>
+
+enum class EventType {
+    ButtonClick,
+    Hover,
+    NoArgEvent
+};
+
+struct ButtonClickArgs {
+    int a;
+    bool b;
+    std::string msg;
+};
+
+struct HoverArgs {
+    double x, y;
+};
+
+struct IHandlerList {
+    virtual ~IHandlerList() {}
+};
+
+template<typename ArgT>
+struct HandlerList : IHandlerList {
+    std::vector<std::function<void(const ArgT&)>> handlers;
+};
+
+template<>
+struct HandlerList<void> : IHandlerList {
+    std::vector<std::function<void()>> handlers;
+};
+
+class EventDispatcher {
+    using HandlerKey = std::pair<EventType, std::type_index>;
+    std::map<HandlerKey, std::unique_ptr<IHandlerList>> handlers;
+
+public:
+    template<typename ArgT>
+    void addHandler(EventType type, std::function<void(const ArgT&)> fn) {
+        HandlerKey key(type, std::type_index(typeid(ArgT)));
+        if (!handlers.count(key)) {
+            handlers[key].reset(new HandlerList<ArgT>());
+        }
+        auto* list = static_cast<HandlerList<ArgT>*>(handlers[key].get());
+        list->handlers.push_back(std::move(fn));
+    }
+
+    void addHandler(EventType type, std::function<void()> fn) {
+        HandlerKey key(type, std::type_index(typeid(void)));
+        if (!handlers.count(key)) {
+            handlers[key].reset(new HandlerList<void>());
+        }
+        auto* list = static_cast<HandlerList<void>*>(handlers[key].get());
+        list->handlers.push_back(std::move(fn));
+    }
+
+    template<typename ArgT>
+    void dispatch(EventType type, const ArgT& arg) {
+        HandlerKey key(type, std::type_index(typeid(ArgT)));
+        auto it = handlers.find(key);
+        if (it != handlers.end()) {
+            auto* list = static_cast<HandlerList<ArgT>*>(it->second.get());
+            for (auto& fn : list->handlers) {
+                fn(arg);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    void dispatch(EventType type) {
+        HandlerKey key(type, std::type_index(typeid(void)));
+        auto it = handlers.find(key);
+        if (it != handlers.end()) {
+            auto* list = static_cast<HandlerList<void>*>(it->second.get());
+            for (auto& fn : list->handlers) {
+                fn();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+};
+
+int main() {
+    EventDispatcher dispatcher;
+
+    dispatcher.addHandler<ButtonClickArgs>(EventType::ButtonClick, [](const ButtonClickArgs& args) {
+        std::cout << "ButtonClick: " << args.a << ", " << args.b << ", " << args.msg << std::endl;
+        });
+
+    dispatcher.addHandler<HoverArgs>(EventType::Hover, [](const HoverArgs& args) {
+        std::cout << "Hover: (" << args.x << ", " << args.y << ")" << std::endl;
+        });
+
+    dispatcher.addHandler(EventType::NoArgEvent, []() {
+        std::cout << "NoArgEvent triggered!" << std::endl;
+        });
+
+    ButtonClickArgs bargs{ 42, true, "hello" };
+    HoverArgs hargs{ 3.14, 2.71 };
+
+    dispatcher.dispatch<ButtonClickArgs>(EventType::ButtonClick, bargs);
+    dispatcher.dispatch<HoverArgs>(EventType::Hover, hargs);
+    dispatcher.dispatch(EventType::NoArgEvent);
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+
+#if 0
+enum class EventType { ButtonClick, Hover, NoArgEvent };
+using HandlerId = size_t;
+
+struct ButtonClickArgs {
+    int a;
+    bool b;
+    std::string msg;
+};
+struct HoverArgs {
+    double x, y;
+};
+
+class EventDispatcher {
+    struct IHandlerList {
+        virtual ~IHandlerList() {}
+        virtual void remove(HandlerId id) = 0;
+    };
+
+    template<typename ArgsT, typename RetT>
+    struct HandlerList : IHandlerList {
+        std::vector<std::pair<HandlerId, std::function<RetT(const ArgsT&)>>> handlers;
+        void remove(HandlerId id) override {
+            handlers.erase(std::remove_if(handlers.begin(), handlers.end(),
+                [id](const std::pair<HandlerId, std::function<RetT(const ArgsT&)>>& p) { return p.first == id; }),
+                handlers.end());
+        }
+        std::vector<RetT> invokeAll(const ArgsT& args) {
+            std::vector<RetT> results;
+            for (auto& p : handlers)
+                results.push_back(p.second(args));
+            return results;
+        }
+    };
+
+    template<typename RetT>
+    struct HandlerList<void, RetT> : IHandlerList {
+        std::vector<std::pair<HandlerId, std::function<RetT()>>> handlers;
+        void remove(HandlerId id) override {
+            handlers.erase(std::remove_if(handlers.begin(), handlers.end(),
+                [id](const std::pair<HandlerId, std::function<RetT()>>& p) { return p.first == id; }),
+                handlers.end());
+        }
+        std::vector<RetT> invokeAll() {
+            std::vector<RetT> results;
+            for (auto& p : handlers)
+                results.push_back(p.second());
+            return results;
+        }
+    };
+
+    HandlerId lastId = 0;
+    using HandlerKey = std::tuple<EventType, std::type_index, std::type_index>;
+    std::map<HandlerKey, std::unique_ptr<IHandlerList>> handlerLists;
+
+public:
+    template<typename ArgsT, typename RetT>
+    HandlerId addHandler(EventType type, std::function<RetT(const ArgsT&)> fn) {
+        HandlerKey key(type, std::type_index(typeid(ArgsT)), std::type_index(typeid(RetT)));
+        if (!handlerLists.count(key))
+            handlerLists[key] = std::unique_ptr<IHandlerList>(new HandlerList<ArgsT, RetT>());
+        auto* list = static_cast<HandlerList<ArgsT, RetT>*>(handlerLists[key].get());
+        HandlerId id = ++lastId;
+        list->handlers.emplace_back(id, std::move(fn));
+        return id;
+    }
+
+    template<typename RetT>
+    HandlerId addHandler(EventType type, std::function<RetT()> fn) {
+        HandlerKey key(type, std::type_index(typeid(void)), std::type_index(typeid(RetT)));
+        if (!handlerLists.count(key))
+            handlerLists[key] = std::unique_ptr<IHandlerList>(new HandlerList<void, RetT>());
+        auto* list = static_cast<HandlerList<void, RetT>*>(handlerLists[key].get());
+        HandlerId id = ++lastId;
+        list->handlers.emplace_back(id, std::move(fn));
+        return id;
+    }
+
+    template<typename ArgsT, typename RetT>
+    std::vector<RetT> invokeAll(EventType type, const ArgsT& args) {
+        HandlerKey key(type, std::type_index(typeid(ArgsT)), std::type_index(typeid(RetT)));
+        auto it = handlerLists.find(key);
+        if (it == handlerLists.end()) return {};
+        auto* list = static_cast<HandlerList<ArgsT, RetT>*>(it->second.get());
+        return list->invokeAll(args);
+    }
+
+    template<typename RetT>
+    std::vector<RetT> invokeAll(EventType type) {
+        HandlerKey key(type, std::type_index(typeid(void)), std::type_index(typeid(RetT)));
+        auto it = handlerLists.find(key);
+        if (it == handlerLists.end()) return {};
+        auto* list = static_cast<HandlerList<void, RetT>*>(it->second.get());
+        return list->invokeAll();
+    }
+
+    template<typename ArgsT, typename RetT>
+    void removeHandler(EventType type, HandlerId id) {
+        HandlerKey key(type, std::type_index(typeid(ArgsT)), std::type_index(typeid(RetT)));
+        auto it = handlerLists.find(key);
+        if (it != handlerLists.end())
+            it->second->remove(id);
+    }
+
+    template<typename RetT>
+    void removeHandler(EventType type, HandlerId id) {
+        HandlerKey key(type, std::type_index(typeid(void)), std::type_index(typeid(RetT)));
+        auto it = handlerLists.find(key);
+        if (it != handlerLists.end())
+            it->second->remove(id);
+    }
+};
+
+// Example usage
+int main() {
+    EventDispatcher dispatcher;
+
+    dispatcher.addHandler<ButtonClickArgs, bool>(EventType::ButtonClick, [](const ButtonClickArgs& args) {
+        std::cout << "ButtonClick Handler 1: " << args.a << ", " << args.b << ", " << args.msg << std::endl;
+        return args.a > 0;
+        });
+    dispatcher.addHandler<ButtonClickArgs, int>(EventType::ButtonClick, [](const ButtonClickArgs& args) {
+        std::cout << "ButtonClick Handler 2: " << args.a << ", " << args.b << ", " << args.msg << std::endl;
+        return args.a * 2;
+        });
+
+    dispatcher.addHandler<HoverArgs, std::string>(EventType::Hover, [](const HoverArgs& args) {
+        return std::string("Hover at ") + std::to_string(args.x) + "," + std::to_string(args.y);
+        });
+
+    dispatcher.addHandler<void, std::string>(EventType::NoArgEvent, []() {
+        std::cout << "NoArgEvent Handler 1" << std::endl;
+        return std::string("NoArgEvent: Hello!");
+        });
+
+    dispatcher.addHandler<void, int>(EventType::NoArgEvent, []() {
+        std::cout << "NoArgEvent Handler 2" << std::endl;
+        return 1234;
+        });
+
+    dispatcher.addHandler<void, void>(EventType::NoArgEvent, []() {
+        std::cout << "NoArgEvent Handler 3 (void)" << std::endl;
+        });
+
+    ButtonClickArgs bargs{ 5, true, "Click!" };
+    HoverArgs hargs{ 42.5, 99.9 };
+
+    std::cout << "\n== ButtonClick (bool) ==" << std::endl;
+    auto boolResults = dispatcher.invokeAll<ButtonClickArgs, bool>(EventType::ButtonClick, bargs);
+    for (auto r : boolResults)
+        std::cout << "Result: " << std::boolalpha << r << std::endl;
+
+    std::cout << "\n== ButtonClick (int) ==" << std::endl;
+    auto intResults = dispatcher.invokeAll<ButtonClickArgs, int>(EventType::ButtonClick, bargs);
+    for (auto r : intResults)
+        std::cout << "Result: " << r << std::endl;
+
+    std::cout << "\n== Hover (std::string) ==" << std::endl;
+    auto hoverResults = dispatcher.invokeAll<HoverArgs, std::string>(EventType::Hover, hargs);
+    for (auto& r : hoverResults)
+        std::cout << "Result: " << r << std::endl;
+
+    std::cout << "\n== NoArgEvent (std::string) ==" << std::endl;
+    auto noArgStringResults = dispatcher.invokeAll<std::string>(EventType::NoArgEvent);
+    for (auto& r : noArgStringResults)
+        std::cout << "Result: " << r << std::endl;
+
+    std::cout << "\n== NoArgEvent (int) ==" << std::endl;
+    auto noArgIntResults = dispatcher.invokeAll<int>(EventType::NoArgEvent);
+    for (auto& r : noArgIntResults)
+        std::cout << "Result: " << r << std::endl;
+
+    std::cout << "\n== NoArgEvent (void) ==" << std::endl;
+    dispatcher.invokeAll<void>(EventType::NoArgEvent);
+    // No results to print for void
+
+    std::cout << "\n== Done ==" << std::endl;
+    return 0;
+}
+#endif

ChatGPT - Dispatcher/ChatGPT - Dispatcher/ChatGPT - Dispatcher.vcxproj

@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<Project DefaultTargets="Build" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
+  <ItemGroup Label="ProjectConfigurations">
+    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Debug|Win32">
+      <Configuration>Debug</Configuration>
+      <Platform>Win32</Platform>
+    </ProjectConfiguration>
+    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Release|Win32">
+      <Configuration>Release</Configuration>
+      <Platform>Win32</Platform>
+    </ProjectConfiguration>
+    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Debug|x64">
+      <Configuration>Debug</Configuration>
+      <Platform>x64</Platform>
+    </ProjectConfiguration>
+    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Release|x64">
+      <Configuration>Release</Configuration>
+      <Platform>x64</Platform>
+    </ProjectConfiguration>
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup Label="Globals">
+    <VCProjectVersion>17.0</VCProjectVersion>
+    <Keyword>Win32Proj</Keyword>
+    <ProjectGuid>{04fdda2c-981f-4008-9e97-042dd7c042d0}</ProjectGuid>
+    <RootNamespace>ChatGPTDispatcher</RootNamespace>
+    <WindowsTargetPlatformVersion>10.0</WindowsTargetPlatformVersion>
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chatGPT - EventDispatcher C++14/chatGPT - EventDispatcher C++14/chatGPT - EventDispatcher C++14.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,670 @@
+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+#include <map>
+#include <vector>
+#include <functional>
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <memory>
+#include <typeindex>
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+#include <functional>
+#include <memory>
+#include <typeinfo>
+#include <typeindex>
+#include <tuple>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <algorithm>
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include <functional>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <vector>
+#include <tuple>
+#include <typeindex>
+#include <string>
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cassert>
+
+enum class EventType {
+    Click,
+    Hover,
+    Custom
+};
+
+using HandlerID = std::size_t;
+
+class EventDispatcher {
+public:
+    EventDispatcher() : nextHandlerID(1) {}
+
+    // Add a handler; returns an ID for removal
+    template<typename F>
+    HandlerID addHandler(EventType type, F&& f) {
+        using Traits = FunctionTraits<std::decay_t<F>>;
+        using R = typename Traits::ReturnType;
+        using Tuple = typename Traits::ArgsTuple;
+        return addHandlerImpl<R>(type, std::forward<F>(f), static_cast<Tuple*>(nullptr));
+    }
+
+    // Remove a handler by its ID
+    void removeHandler(EventType type, HandlerID id) {
+        auto& vec = handlers[type];
+        vec.erase(std::remove_if(vec.begin(), vec.end(),
+            [id](const HandlerBasePtr& h) { return h->id == id; }),
+            vec.end());
+    }
+
+    // Emit: returns vector of return values from all handlers of matching type/signature
+    template<typename R = void, typename... Args>
+    std::vector<R> emit(EventType type, Args&&... args) {
+        std::vector<R> results;
+        auto it = handlers.find(type);
+        if (it != handlers.end()) {
+            for (auto& handlerBase : it->second) {
+                auto handler = dynamic_cast<Handler<R, Args...>*>(handlerBase.get());
+                if (handler) {
+                    if constexpr (std::is_void_v<R>) {
+                        handler->func(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        results.push_back(handler->func(std::forward<Args>(args)...));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return results;
+    }
+
+private:
+    struct HandlerBase {
+        HandlerID id;
+        virtual ~HandlerBase() = default;
+    };
+    using HandlerBasePtr = std::unique_ptr<HandlerBase>;
+
+    template<typename R, typename... Args>
+    struct Handler : HandlerBase {
+        std::function<R(Args...)> func;
+        Handler(HandlerID id, std::function<R(Args...)> f)
+            : func(std::move(f)) {
+            this->id = id;
+        }
+    };
+
+    std::unordered_map<EventType, std::vector<HandlerBasePtr>> handlers;
+    HandlerID nextHandlerID;
+
+    // FunctionTraits to deduce argument and return types
+    template<typename T>
+    struct FunctionTraits : public FunctionTraits<decltype(&T::operator())> {};
+
+    // For lambdas/functors (const call operator)
+    template<typename C, typename R, typename... Args>
+    struct FunctionTraits<R(C::*)(Args...) const> {
+        using ReturnType = R;
+        using ArgsTuple = std::tuple<Args...>;
+    };
+
+    // For non-const call operator
+    template<typename C, typename R, typename... Args>
+    struct FunctionTraits<R(C::*)(Args...)> {
+        using ReturnType = R;
+        using ArgsTuple = std::tuple<Args...>;
+    };
+
+    // For function pointers
+    template<typename R, typename... Args>
+    struct FunctionTraits<R(*)(Args...)> {
+        using ReturnType = R;
+        using ArgsTuple = std::tuple<Args...>;
+    };
+
+    // Implementation: avoid constructing tuple-of-references!
+    template<typename R, typename F, typename... Args>
+    HandlerID addHandlerImpl(EventType type, F&& f, std::tuple<Args...>*) {
+        auto handler = std::make_unique<Handler<R, Args...>>(nextHandlerID, std::function<R(Args...)>(std::forward<F>(f)));
+        handlers[type].emplace_back(std::move(handler));
+        return nextHandlerID++;
+    }
+};
+
+struct Widget {
+    void onClick(int x) {
+        std::cout << "Widget::onClick(" << x << ")\n";
+    }
+
+    void onClick_1(int x) {
+        std::cout << "Widget::onClick_1(" << x << ")\n";
+    }
+
+    void onClick_2(int x) {
+        std::cout << "Widget::onClick_2(" << x << ")\n";
+    }
+
+    void onClick_3(int x) {
+        std::cout << "Widget::onClick_2(" << x << ")\n";
+    }
+
+    bool onHover(const std::string& msg) {
+        std::cout << "Widget::onHover_3(" << msg << ")\n";
+        return true;
+    }
+};
+
+bool globalHandler(int x) {
+    std::cout << "globalHandler(" << x << ")\n";
+    return x > 0;
+}
+
+int main() {
+    EventDispatcher dispatcher;
+    Widget w;
+
+    // Register handlers and keep their IDs for removal
+    auto id1 = dispatcher.addHandler(EventType::Click, globalHandler);
+
+    auto id2 = dispatcher.addHandler(EventType::Click, [](int x) {
+        std::cout << "lambda(" << x << ")\n";
+        return x % 2 == 0;
+        });
+    auto id3 = dispatcher.addHandler(EventType::Click, [&w](int x) { w.onClick(x); });
+    dispatcher.addHandler(EventType::Click, [&w](int x) { w.onClick_1(x); });    
+    dispatcher.addHandler(EventType::Click, [&w](int x) { w.onClick_2(x); });
+    dispatcher.addHandler(EventType::Click, [&w](int x) { w.onClick_3(x); });
+
+    auto id4 = dispatcher.addHandler(EventType::Hover, [&w](const std::string& msg) { return w.onHover(msg); });
+
+    // Emit events; collect return values if any
+    auto clickResults = dispatcher.emit<bool>(EventType::Click, 42);
+    auto hoverResults = dispatcher.emit<bool>(EventType::Hover, std::string("hello"));
+
+    std::cout << "Click results: ";
+    for (bool b : clickResults) std::cout << b << " ";
+    std::cout << "\n";
+
+    std::cout << "Hover results: ";
+    for (bool b : hoverResults) std::cout << b << " ";
+    std::cout << "\n";
+
+    // Remove a handler and emit again
+    dispatcher.removeHandler(EventType::Click, id1);
+    clickResults = dispatcher.emit<bool>(EventType::Click, 7);
+    std::cout << "Click results after removal: ";
+    for (bool b : clickResults) std::cout << b << " ";
+    std::cout << "\n";
+}
+
+
+// This code is a more complex version of the EventDispatcher, which allows for different types of events and handlers.
+#if 0 
+/*
+Certainly!Here’s how you can improve the code by :
+
+1. * *Using an enum for event types** instead of string names.
+2. * *Using `Args...` for arguments** in `invokeAll`, `invokeById`, etc., so you don’t need to repeat the argument list everywhere.
+
+Below is a complete, working code example with these improvements :
+*/
+
+// 1. Define event types as enum
+enum class EventType {
+    ButtonClick,
+    Redraw,
+    Hover
+};
+
+// Helper for unique handler IDs
+class IdGen {
+    size_t current = 0;
+public:
+    size_t next() { return ++current; }
+};
+
+// Type-erased base for handler lists
+struct IEventHandlerList {
+    virtual ~IEventHandlerList() {}
+};
+
+// Templated handler list for a given signature
+template<typename Ret, typename... Args>
+class EventHandlerList : public IEventHandlerList {
+public:
+    using HandlerType = std::function<Ret(Args...)>;
+    struct HandlerEntry {
+        size_t id;
+        HandlerType handler;
+    };
+
+    size_t addHandler(const HandlerType& h) {
+        size_t id = idGen.next();
+        handlers.push_back({ id, h });
+        return id;
+    }
+
+    void removeHandler(size_t id) {
+        handlers.erase(std::remove_if(handlers.begin(), handlers.end(),
+            [id](const HandlerEntry& e) { return e.id == id; }), handlers.end());
+    }
+
+    std::vector<Ret> invokeAll(Args... args) {
+        std::vector<Ret> results;
+        for (auto& entry : handlers) {
+            results.push_back(entry.handler(args...));
+        }
+        return results;
+    }
+
+    Ret invokeById(size_t id, Args... args) {
+        for (auto& entry : handlers) {
+            if (entry.id == id)
+                return entry.handler(args...);
+        }
+        throw std::runtime_error("Handler ID not found");
+    }
+
+private:
+    std::vector<HandlerEntry> handlers;
+    IdGen idGen;
+};
+
+// The main dispatcher
+class EventDispatcher {
+public:
+    // Main template: add handler as std::function
+    template<typename Ret, typename... Args>
+    size_t addHandler(EventType eventType, std::function<Ret(Args...)> handler) {
+        auto key = std::make_pair(eventType, std::type_index(typeid(EventHandlerList<Ret, Args...>)));
+        auto& ptr = handlers[key];
+        if (!ptr) {
+            ptr.reset(new EventHandlerList<Ret, Args...>());
+        }
+        auto* list = static_cast<EventHandlerList<Ret, Args...>*>(ptr.get());
+        return list->addHandler(handler);
+    }
+
+    // Overload for free functions
+    template<typename Ret, typename... Args>
+    size_t addHandler(EventType eventType, Ret(*func)(Args...)) {
+        return addHandler<Ret, Args...>(eventType, std::function<Ret(Args...)>(func));
+    }
+
+    // Overload for non-const member functions
+    template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename... Args>
+    size_t addHandler(EventType eventType, Class* obj, Ret(Class::* memFn)(Args...)) {
+        auto wrapper = [obj, memFn](Args... args) -> Ret {
+            return (obj->*memFn)(args...);
+            };
+        return addHandler<Ret, Args...>(eventType, wrapper);
+    }
+
+    // Overload for const member functions
+    template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename... Args>
+    size_t addHandler(EventType eventType, Class* obj, Ret(Class::* memFn)(Args...) const) {
+        auto wrapper = [obj, memFn](Args... args) -> Ret {
+            return (obj->*memFn)(args...);
+            };
+        return addHandler<Ret, Args...>(eventType, wrapper);
+    }
+
+    // Remove handler by ID
+    template<typename Ret, typename... Args>
+    void removeHandler(EventType eventType, size_t id) {
+        auto key = std::make_pair(eventType, std::type_index(typeid(EventHandlerList<Ret, Args...>)));
+        auto it = handlers.find(key);
+        if (it != handlers.end()) {
+            auto* list = static_cast<EventHandlerList<Ret, Args...>*>(it->second.get());
+            if (list) list->removeHandler(id);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Invoke all handlers for an event
+    template<typename Ret, typename... Args>
+    std::vector<Ret> invokeAll(EventType eventType, Args&&... args) {
+        auto key = std::make_pair(eventType, std::type_index(typeid(EventHandlerList<Ret, Args...>)));
+        auto it = handlers.find(key);
+        // auto it = handlers.find(eventType);
+        if (it != handlers.end()) {
+            auto* list = static_cast<EventHandlerList<Ret, Args...>*>(it->second.get());
+            if (list) return list->invokeAll(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+        }
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    // Invoke a handler by ID
+    template<typename Ret, typename... Args>
+    Ret invokeById(EventType eventType, size_t id, Args&&... args) {
+        auto key = std::make_pair(eventType, std::type_index(typeid(EventHandlerList<Ret, Args...>)));
+        auto it = handlers.find(key);
+        if (it != handlers.end()) {
+            auto* list = static_cast<EventHandlerList<Ret, Args...>*>(it->second.get());
+            if (list) return list->invokeById(id, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+        }
+        throw std::runtime_error("Handler or event not found");
+    }
+
+private:
+    using HandlerKey = std::pair<EventType, std::type_index>;
+    std::map<HandlerKey, std::unique_ptr<IEventHandlerList>> handlers;
+};
+
+// Example class for reference parameter/return
+struct MyWidget {
+    int value = 42;
+    int memberFunc(int a, bool b, const char* s, MyWidget& ref) {
+        std::cout << "MyWidget::memberFunc called: " << a << ", " << b << ", " << s << ", ref.value=" << ref.value << std::endl;
+        return value + a;
+    }
+    bool onRedraw(int a, bool b, const char* s, MyWidget& ref) {
+        std::cout << "Redraw: " << a << ", " << b << ", " << s << ", ref.value=" << ref.value << std::endl;
+        return b;
+    }
+    int constMember(int a, bool, const char*, MyWidget&) const {
+        std::cout << "constMember: " << a << std::endl;
+        return a + 100;
+    }
+};
+
+bool freeHandler(int a, bool b, const char* s, MyWidget& ref) {
+    ref.value = 32; 
+    std::cout << "freeHandler: " << a << ", " << b << ", " << s << ", ref.value=" << ref.value << std::endl;
+    return a > 0;
+}
+
+int main() {
+    EventDispatcher dispatcher;
+    MyWidget widget, refWidget;
+
+    // Lambda handler returning bool
+    auto id1 = dispatcher.addHandler<bool, int, bool, const char*, MyWidget&>(
+        EventType::ButtonClick,
+        [](int a, bool b, const char* s, MyWidget& ref) {
+            std::cout << "Lambda handler: " << a << ", " << b << ", " << s << ", ref.value=" << ref.value << std::endl;
+            return b;
+        }
+    );
+
+    // Free function handler
+    auto id2 = dispatcher.addHandler(EventType::ButtonClick, freeHandler);
+
+    // Member function handler (non-const)
+    auto id3 = dispatcher.addHandler(EventType::ButtonClick, &widget, &MyWidget::onRedraw);
+
+    // Member function handler (const)
+    auto id4 = dispatcher.addHandler(EventType::Hover, &widget, &MyWidget::constMember);
+
+    // Lambda handler returning int
+    auto id5 = dispatcher.addHandler<int, int, bool, const char*,
+        MyWidget&>(EventType::Hover, [](int a, bool, const char*, MyWidget&) {
+        std::cout << "Hover handler: " << a << std::endl;
+        return a + 10;
+            }
+        );
+
+    // Member function handler returning int (non-const)
+    auto id6 = dispatcher.addHandler(EventType::Hover, &widget, &MyWidget::memberFunc);
+
+    // Lambda handler returning const char*
+    auto id7 = dispatcher.addHandler<const char*, int, bool, const char*, MyWidget&>(
+        EventType::Redraw,
+        [](int, bool, const char*, MyWidget&) {
+            return "Redraw done";
+        }
+    );
+
+    // Call all buttonClick handlers
+    std::cout << "\nInvoking all buttonClick with return bool and argument (int, bool, const char*) handlers:\n";
+    auto results = dispatcher.invokeAll<bool>(
+        EventType::ButtonClick, 5, true, "OK", refWidget);
+    for (auto r : results) std::cout << "Result: " << std::boolalpha << r << std::endl;
+
+    std::cout << "\nInvoking all with return int and argument (int bool const char*) handlers:\n";
+    auto hoverResults = dispatcher.invokeAll<int, int, bool, const char*, MyWidget&>(EventType::Hover, 7, true, "Hovering", refWidget);
+    for (auto r : hoverResults) std::cout << "Hover result: " << r << std::endl;
+
+
+    // Call a specific handler by ID
+    std::cout << "\nInvoke buttonClick by id3:\n";
+    bool res = dispatcher.invokeById<bool, int, bool, const char*, MyWidget&>(EventType::ButtonClick, id3, 2, false, "Cancel", refWidget);
+    std::cout << "Result: " << std::boolalpha << res << std::endl;
+
+
+    // Call redraw handler (returns const char*)
+    std::cout << "\nInvoking all redraw handlers:\n";
+    auto redrawResults = dispatcher.invokeAll<const char*, int, bool, const char*, MyWidget&>(EventType::Redraw, 1, false, "Redraw", refWidget);
+    for (auto r : redrawResults) std::cout << "Redraw result: " << r << std::endl;
+
+    // Remove a handler and show it's gone
+    dispatcher.removeHandler<bool, int, bool, const char*, MyWidget&>(EventType::ButtonClick, id1);
+    std::cout << "\nAfter removing lambda handler (id1):\n";
+    auto results2 = dispatcher.invokeAll<bool, int, bool, const char*, MyWidget&>(EventType::ButtonClick, 9, false, "Bye", refWidget);
+    for (auto r : results2) std::cout << "Result: " << std::boolalpha << r << std::endl;
+
+    return 0;
+};
+#endif
+
+
+#if 0
+
+// Helper for unique handler IDs
+class IdGen {
+    size_t current = 0;
+public:
+    size_t next() { return ++current; }
+};
+
+// Type-erased base for handler lists
+struct IEventHandlerList {
+    virtual ~IEventHandlerList() {}
+};
+
+// Templated handler list for a given signature
+template<typename Ret, typename... Args>
+class EventHandlerList : public IEventHandlerList {
+public:
+    using HandlerType = std::function<Ret(Args...)>;
+    struct HandlerEntry {
+        size_t id;
+        HandlerType handler;
+    };
+
+    size_t addHandler(const HandlerType& h) {
+        size_t id = idGen.next();
+        handlers.push_back({ id, h });
+        return id;
+    }
+
+    void removeHandler(size_t id) {
+        handlers.erase(std::remove_if(handlers.begin(), handlers.end(),
+            [id](const HandlerEntry& e) { return e.id == id; }), handlers.end());
+    }
+
+    std::vector<Ret> invokeAll(Args... args) {
+        std::vector<Ret> results;
+        for (auto& entry : handlers) {
+            results.push_back(entry.handler(args...));
+        }
+        return results;
+    }
+
+    Ret invokeById(size_t id, Args... args) {
+        for (auto& entry : handlers) {
+            if (entry.id == id)
+                return entry.handler(args...);
+        }
+        throw std::runtime_error("Handler ID not found");
+    }
+
+private:
+    std::vector<HandlerEntry> handlers;
+    IdGen idGen;
+};
+
+// The main dispatcher
+class EventDispatcher {
+public:
+    // Main template: add handler as std::function
+    template<typename Ret, typename... Args>
+    size_t addHandler(const std::string& eventName, std::function<Ret(Args...)> handler) {
+        auto& ptr = handlers[eventName];
+        if (!ptr) {
+            ptr.reset(new EventHandlerList<Ret, Args...>());
+        }
+        auto* list = dynamic_cast<EventHandlerList<Ret, Args...>*>(ptr.get());
+        if (!list) throw std::runtime_error("Event signature mismatch");
+        return list->addHandler(handler);
+    }
+
+    // Overload for free functions
+    template<typename Ret, typename... Args>
+    size_t addHandler(const std::string& eventName, Ret(*func)(Args...)) {
+        return addHandler<Ret, Args...>(eventName, std::function<Ret(Args...)>(func));
+    }
+
+    // Overload for non-const member functions
+    template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename... Args>
+    size_t addHandler(const std::string& eventName, Class* obj, Ret(Class::* memFn)(Args...)) {
+        auto wrapper = [obj, memFn](Args... args) -> Ret {
+            return (obj->*memFn)(args...);
+            };
+        return addHandler<Ret, Args...>(eventName, wrapper);
+    }
+
+    // Overload for const member functions
+    template<typename Ret, typename Class, typename... Args>
+    size_t addHandler(const std::string& eventName, Class* obj, Ret(Class::* memFn)(Args...) const) {
+        auto wrapper = [obj, memFn](Args... args) -> Ret {
+            return (obj->*memFn)(args...);
+            };
+        return addHandler<Ret, Args...>(eventName, wrapper);
+    }
+
+    // Remove handler by ID
+    template<typename Ret, typename... Args>
+    void removeHandler(const std::string& eventName, size_t id) {
+        auto it = handlers.find(eventName);
+        if (it != handlers.end()) {
+            auto* list = dynamic_cast<EventHandlerList<Ret, Args...>*>(it->second.get());
+            if (list) list->removeHandler(id);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Invoke all handlers for an event
+    template<typename Ret, typename... Args>
+    std::vector<Ret> invokeAll(const std::string& eventName, Args... args) {
+        auto it = handlers.find(eventName);
+        if (it != handlers.end()) {
+            auto* list = dynamic_cast<EventHandlerList<Ret, Args...>*>(it->second.get());
+            if (list) return list->invokeAll(args...);
+        }
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    // Invoke a handler by ID
+    template<typename Ret, typename... Args>
+    Ret invokeById(const std::string& eventName, size_t id, Args... args) {
+        auto it = handlers.find(eventName);
+        if (it != handlers.end()) {
+            auto* list = dynamic_cast<EventHandlerList<Ret, Args...>*>(it->second.get());
+            if (list) return list->invokeById(id, args...);
+        }
+        throw std::runtime_error("Handler or event not found");
+    }
+
+private:
+    std::map<std::string, std::unique_ptr<IEventHandlerList>> handlers;
+};
+
+// Example class for reference parameter/return
+struct MyWidget {
+    int value = 42;
+    int memberFunc(int a, bool b, const char* s, MyWidget& ref) {
+        std::cout << "MyWidget::memberFunc called: " << a << ", " << b << ", " << s << ", ref.value=" << ref.value << std::endl;
+        return value + a;
+    }
+    bool onRedraw(int a, bool b, const char* s, MyWidget& ref) {
+        std::cout << "Redraw: " << a << ", " << b << ", " << s << ", ref.value=" << ref.value << std::endl;
+        return b;
+    }
+    int constMember(int a, bool, const char*, MyWidget&) const {
+        std::cout << "constMember: " << a << std::endl;
+        return a + 100;
+    }
+};
+
+bool freeHandler(int a, bool b, const char* s, MyWidget& ref) {
+    std::cout << "freeHandler: " << a << ", " << b << ", " << s << ", ref.value=" << ref.value << std::endl;
+    return a > 0;
+}
+
+int main() {
+    EventDispatcher dispatcher;
+    MyWidget widget, refWidget;
+
+    // Lambda handler returning bool
+    auto id1 = dispatcher.addHandler<bool, int, bool, const char*, MyWidget&>(
+        "buttonClick",
+        [](int a, bool b, const char* s, MyWidget& ref) {
+            std::cout << "Lambda handler: " << a << ", " << b << ", " << s << ", ref.value=" << ref.value << std::endl;
+            return b;
+        }
+    );
+
+    // Free function handler
+    auto id2 = dispatcher.addHandler("buttonClick", freeHandler);
+
+    // Member function handler (non-const)
+    auto id3 = dispatcher.addHandler("buttonClick", &widget, &MyWidget::onRedraw);
+
+    // Member function handler (const)
+    auto id4 = dispatcher.addHandler("hover", &widget, &MyWidget::constMember);
+
+    // Lambda handler returning int
+    auto id5 = dispatcher.addHandler<int, int, bool, const char*, MyWidget&>(
+        "hover",
+        [](int a, bool, const char*, MyWidget&) {
+            std::cout << "Hover handler: " << a << std::endl;
+            return a + 10;
+        }
+    );
+
+    // Member function handler returning int (non-const)
+    auto id6 = dispatcher.addHandler("hover", &widget, &MyWidget::memberFunc);
+
+    // Lambda handler returning const char*
+    auto id7 = dispatcher.addHandler<const char*, int, bool, const char*, MyWidget&>(
+        "redraw",
+        [](int, bool, const char*, MyWidget&) {
+            return "Redraw done";
+        }
+    );
+
+    // Call all buttonClick handlers
+    std::cout << "\nInvoking all buttonClick handlers:\n";
+    auto results = dispatcher.invokeAll<bool, int, bool, const char*, MyWidget&>("buttonClick", 5, true, "OK", refWidget);
+    for (auto r : results) std::cout << "Result: " << std::boolalpha << r << std::endl;
+
+    // Call a specific handler by ID
+    std::cout << "\nInvoke buttonClick by id3:\n";
+    bool res = dispatcher.invokeById<bool, int, bool, const char*, MyWidget&>("buttonClick", id3, 2, false, "Cancel", refWidget);
+    std::cout << "Result: " << std::boolalpha << res << std::endl;
+
+    auto hoverResults = dispatcher.invokeAll<int, int, bool, const char*, MyWidget&>("hover", 7, true, "Hovering", refWidget);
+    for (auto r : hoverResults) std::cout << "Hover result: " << r << std::endl;
+
+    // Call redraw handler (returns const char*)
+    std::cout << "\nInvoking all redraw handlers:\n";
+    auto redrawResults = dispatcher.invokeAll<const char*, int, bool, const char*, MyWidget&>("redraw", 1, false, "Redraw", refWidget);
+    for (auto r : redrawResults) std::cout << "Redraw result: " << r << std::endl;
+
+    // Remove a handler and show it's gone
+    dispatcher.removeHandler<bool, int, bool, const char*, MyWidget&>("buttonClick", id1);
+    std::cout << "\nAfter removing lambda handler (id1):\n";
+    auto results2 = dispatcher.invokeAll<bool, int, bool, const char*, MyWidget&>("buttonClick", 9, false, "Bye", refWidget);
+    for (auto r : results2) std::cout << "Result: " << std::boolalpha << r << std::endl;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+#endif

chatGPT - EventDispatcher C++14/chatGPT - EventDispatcher C++14/chatGPT - EventDispatcher C++14.vcxproj

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chatGPT - EventDispatcher C++14/chatGPT - EventDispatcher C++14/chatGPT - EventDispatcher C++14.vcxproj.filters

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chatGPT - EventDispatcher C++14/chatGPT - EventDispatcher C++14/chatGPT - EventDispatcher C++14.vcxproj.user

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chatGPT - EventDispatcher C++14/chatGPT - EventDispatcher C++14/x64/Debug/chatGPT - EventDispatcher C++14.exe.recipe

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
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chatGPT - EventDispatcher C++14/chatGPT - EventDispatcher C++14/x64/Debug/chatGPT - EventDispatcher C++14.log

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+  chatGPT - EventDispatcher C++14.cpp
+C:\Users\sfreunde\source\repos\chatGPT - EventDispatcher C++14\chatGPT - EventDispatcher C++14\chatGPT - EventDispatcher C++14.cpp(68,21): warning C4984: 'if constexpr' is a C++17 language extension
+      C:\Users\sfreunde\source\repos\chatGPT - EventDispatcher C++14\chatGPT - EventDispatcher C++14\chatGPT - EventDispatcher C++14.cpp(61,20):
+      This diagnostic occurred in the compiler generated function 'std::vector<R,std::allocator<_Ty>> EventDispatcher::emit(EventType,Args ...)'
+  
+  chatGPT - EventDispatcher C++14.vcxproj -> C:\Users\sfreunde\source\repos\chatGPT - EventDispatcher C++14\x64\Debug\chatGPT - EventDispatcher C++14.exe

chatGPT - EventDispatcher C++14/chatGPT - EventDispatcher C++14/x64/Debug/chatGPT .742afb35.tlog/Cl.items.tlog

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chatGPT - EventDispatcher C++14/chatGPT - EventDispatcher C++14/x64/Debug/chatGPT .742afb35.tlog/chatGPT - EventDispatcher C++14.lastbuildstate

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chatGPT - EventDispatcher C++14/chatGPT - EventDispatcher C++14/x64/Debug/chatGPT .742afb35.tlog/link.secondary.1.tlog

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chatGPT-Event Dispatcher/chatGPT-Event Dispatcher.sln

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chatGPT-Event Dispatcher/chatGPT-Event Dispatcher/chatGPT-Event Dispatcher.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+// chatGPT-Event Dispatcher.cpp : This file contains the 'main' function. Program execution begins and ends there.
+//
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include <functional>
+#include <vector>
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <map>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+
+// EventType: unique identifier for event types
+using EventType = int;
+
+// Event base class
+class Event {
+public:
+    explicit Event(EventType type) : type_(type) {}
+    virtual ~Event() {}
+    EventType GetType() const { return type_; }
+private:
+    EventType type_;
+};
+
+// Example derived event with data
+class ButtonClickEvent : public Event {
+public:
+    ButtonClickEvent(int buttonId, const std::string& label)
+        : Event(1), buttonId_(buttonId), label_(label) {
+    }
+    int GetButtonId() const { return buttonId_; }
+    const std::string& GetLabel() const { return label_; }
+private:
+    int buttonId_;
+    std::string label_;
+};
+
+
+// Event handler function: receives an Event pointer
+using EventHandler = std::function<void(const Event&)>;
+
+class EventDispatcher {
+public:
+    // Connect a handler to an event type, returns a connection id
+    size_t Connect(EventType type, EventHandler handler) {
+        size_t id = ++last_id_;
+        handlers_[type].push_back(std::make_pair(id, handler));
+        return id;
+    }
+
+    // Disconnect a handler by id (for a specific event type)
+    void Disconnect(EventType type, size_t id) {
+        auto& vec = handlers_[type];
+        vec.erase(std::remove_if(vec.begin(), vec.end(),
+            [id](const std::pair<size_t, EventHandler>& pair) {
+                return pair.first == id;
+            }), vec.end());
+    }
+
+    // Emit (post) an event
+    void Emit(const Event& evt) {
+        auto it = handlers_.find(evt.GetType());
+        if (it != handlers_.end()) {
+            for (auto& pair : it->second) {
+                pair.second(evt);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+private:
+    std::map<EventType, std::vector<std::pair<size_t, EventHandler>>> handlers_;
+    size_t last_id_ = 0;
+};
+
+
+
+int main() {
+    EventDispatcher dispatcher;
+
+    // Connect a handler for ButtonClickEvent (event type 1)
+    size_t conn = dispatcher.Connect(1, [](const Event& evt) {
+        // Downcast to correct event type
+        auto& clickEvt = static_cast<const ButtonClickEvent&>(evt);
+        std::cout << "Button clicked! id=" << clickEvt.GetButtonId()
+            << ", label=" << clickEvt.GetLabel() << std::endl;
+        });
+
+    // Emit a button click event
+    ButtonClickEvent evt(42, "OK");
+    dispatcher.Emit(evt);
+
+    // Disconnect the handler
+    dispatcher.Disconnect(1, conn);
+
+    // Emit again (no output expected)
+    dispatcher.Emit(evt);
+
+    return 0;
+}
+

chatGPT-Event Dispatcher/chatGPT-Event Dispatcher/chatGPT-Event Dispatcher.vcxproj

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chatGPT-Event Dispatcher/chatGPT-Event Dispatcher/chatGPT-Event Dispatcher.vcxproj.filters

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chatGPT-Event Dispatcher/chatGPT-Event Dispatcher/x64/Debug/chatGPT-Event Dispatcher.exe.recipe

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